This is the problem that brings us to our last stop. It Country Email List was the democratic socialist Herman Heller who succeeded in giving rise to the formulation "social Country Email List state of law" in the history of concepts. It was a formulation that, in the second half of the 20th century, profoundly permeated our understanding of democracy and its institutional Country Email List design. In the invention of this concept we come across the same dialectical gesture in relation to liberalism.
The social rule of law was, at the same time, a critique Country Email List of the liberal and bourgeois rule of law and an overcoming of it in which some of its main elements were preserved. It is precisely in the retrospective selection of freedoms worthy of vCountry Email List alue that the meaning of the socialist overcoming of liberalism can be measured: for Heller, the liberalism that deserved to be preserved was that of rights that could open up an antagonistic political space, a condition of possibility questioning the relations of production. In his justification of the social Country Email List rule of law, Heller argued that the adherence of the proletariat to the institutions and procedures of representative democracy had brought about a broadening and transformation of both the values of liberalism and its institutions.
Not only that, but the unwillingness of a dull and Country Email List cynical bourgeoisie to accept these changes and be consistent with its own principles had definitively separated the ruling classes from the democratic path and had put them on the path of Country Email List dictatorship, just as Fascism in Italy and National Socialism in Germany evidenced it. Heller Country Email List thus offers us, like other socialist sociologists, a reading grid that is still valid, insofar as it allows us to understand that liberalism does not contain within itself the antidotes to its authoritarian drift. Paradoxically, left to its own devices, liberalism lays the foundations for its own negation and only preserves itself in its socialist overcoming.